Insulin is a hormone in the human body produced by beta cells lengerhans island located within the pancreatic gland. Insulin can also be called a protein whose function is to control blood sugar (glucose) in the body.
How insulin is produced
Insulin was first made in 1921 by Frederick Grant Banting. For a long time resulting from the extraction of pancreatic insulin cattle and pigs. In a further development of insulin resulting from the extraction of biosynthetic and genetic engineering that produce insulin are similar to human insulin.
How insulin works
Administration of insulin to diabetics can only be done by way of injection, if administered via the oral insulin will be damaged in the hull. Once injected, insulin will be absorbed into the bloodstream and carried throughout the body. Here the insulin will work to normalize blood sugar levels (blood glucose) and convert glucose into energy.
Types of insulin
Insulin can be distinguished on the basis of:
When insulin (onset), which is the start time of onset of effect since injected insulin.
Peak insulin action, namely the achievement of the peak time of insulin.
Older insulin (duration), ie the time from onset of insulin effect until the loss of the effects of insulin.
Fast-acting insulin, the shape of the solution clear, has a rapid onset and short duration.
Acting insulin is, its shape looks cloudy because of the shape of small crystal-cut glass, made by adding a material that can prolong the drugs work by slowing the absorption of insulin into the blood.
Insulin premix (mixture), the insulin-containing fast-acting insulin and the insulin is working. This insulin has a rapid onset and duration of moderate (24 hours).
There are also insulin that has a long duration (more than 24 hours).
Treatment with insulin should be based on the needs of each individual. The doctor will choose the types and combinations of insulin that best suits your lifestyle yourself.
How to store insulin
Insulin is a stable dosage apablia stored properly. Insulin in packaging that is still closed or sealed must be stored in a refrigerator at a temperature of 2-8 degrees Celsius. Insulin should not be stored in the freezer because the insulin that never freezes can not be used anymore.
Insulin that is being used can be stored at cool room temperature about 25 degrees centigrade. The most important factor that must be avoided is too high temperatures and direct sunlight. Insulin is exposed to sunlight for a long time will decompose and become a yellowish color. Insulin that has changed color should not be used anymore.
Insulin should not be kept that may be too hot, as in a closed car or on television. Insulin should not be shaken too long because it will form clumps like yarn and should be discarded as unusable.
Type of injection equipment (syringes) insulin
Siring (syringe) and jarumSiring of materials difficult to clean glass, easily broken and often become less akurat.Siring siring the best is made of disposable plastic. Although many patients with diabetes who use more than disposable, is recommended only used once and then discarded.
Insulin Pen siring tothe usually troublesome and most diabetic patients prefer to use the insulin pen. The tool is practical, easy and fun because it was almost painless. This tool combines all the functions in one single tool.
Pump insulin (Insulin Pump) The insulin pump (insulin pump) was created to mneyediakan insulin continuously. The pump must be connected to the patient with diabetes (through a tube and needle). Sugar (glucose) blood very well controlled and in accordance with needs.
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