Narrowing and blockage of coronary arteries caused by buildup of fatty substances (cholesterol, triglycerides) are more and more and accumulate beneath the innermost layer (endothelium) of the artery wall. This reduces or stops the flow of blood to the heart muscle so that interfere with the heart as the blood pumping. Dominant effect of coronary heart disease is the loss of oxygen and nutrients to the heart because of reduced blood flow to the heart. Formation of fatty plaques in the arteries will influence the formation of blood clots that will encourage a heart attack.
There are four major risk factors causing heart disease, namely:
smoking too much over the years
levels of blood fats (cholesterol) is high
high blood pressure
diabetes
Like heart disease, stroke is also closely related to vascular disorders. Stroke occurs because there is an interruption of blood flow to the brain. When there are brain regions that lack of blood supply suddenly and sufferers experience disturbances of innervation corresponding brain regions affected. It might be paralyzed side (hemiplegia), reduced the power side of the body (hemiparesis), speech impairment, impaired taste (sensation) in the skin next to the face, arm or leg.
Risk factors for stroke have in common with heart disease risk factors, namely:
· Smoking
· Hypertension
· High blood fat levels
· Diabetes mellitus
· Disorders of blood vessels / heart
· The high number of red blood cells
· Overweight (obesity)
· Lack of physical activity / exercise
· Drink alcohol
· Misuse of drugs (Drugs)
Preventing Heart Disease and Stroke by Healthy Lifestyle
Prevention efforts to avoid heart disease and stroke begins to improve the lifestyle and controlling risk factors, thereby reducing the chance of getting the disease.
For prevention of heart disease & stroke to avoid obesity / overweight and high cholesterol. Start by eating more vegetables, fruits, whole grains, fish and other fibrous foods. Reduce meat, snacks (snacks), and high-calorie foods that contain saturated fat and lots of others. Foods that contain lots of cholesterol buried within the walls of blood vessels and cause atherosclerosis that trigger heart disease and stroke.
Quitting smoking is the target to be achieved, also avoid smoke from the environment. Smoking causes reduced blood vessel elasticity, thus increasing the hardening of the arteries, and increases blood clotting factors that trigger heart disease and stroke. Smokers have a chance of stroke and coronary heart disease approximately two-fold higher compared with nonsmokers.
Drink alcohol in moderation. The more alcohol then chances are the type of hemorrhagic stroke mainly higher. Alcohol can raise blood pressure, weakening the heart, blood thicken and cause arterial spasm.
Perform Exercise / physical activity. Exercise can help reduce body weight, control cholesterol levels, and lowers blood pressure is another risk factor for heart disease and stroke affected
Control high blood pressure and blood sugar levels. Hypertension is a major factor of stroke and coronary heart disease. Diabetes also increases the risk of stroke from 1.5 to 4-fold, especially if uncontrolled blood sugar.
Avoid the use of illegal drugs such as heroin, cocaine, amphetamines, because drugs such drugs can increase the risk of stroke 7-fold compared with non-drug users.
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