In the previous post, I explained that Otzi descended in large part from early adopters of agriculture in the Middle East or nearby. What I'll explain in further posts is that Otzi was not a genetic anomaly: he was part of a wave of agricultural migrants that washed over Europe thousands of years ago, spreading their genes throughout. Not only that, Otzi represents a halfway point in the evolutionary process that transformed Paleolithic humans into modern humans.Did Agriculture in Europe Spread by Cultural Transmission or by Population Replacement?...
Sabtu, 28 April 2012
Selasa, 24 April 2012
Lessons From Ötzi, the Tyrolean Ice Man. Part III
There are two reasons why I chose this time to write about Otzi. The first is that I've been looking for a good excuse to revisit human evolutionary history, particularly that of Europeans, and what it does and doesn't tell us about the "optimal" human diet. The second is that Otzi's full genome was sequenced and described in a recent issue of Nature Communications (1). A "genome" is the full complement of genes an organism carries. So what that means is that researchers have sequenced almost all of his genes. Read more...
Selasa, 17 April 2012
Lessons From Ötzi, the Tyrolean Ice Man. Part II
Otzi's DietOtzi's digestive tract contains the remains of three meals. They were composed of cooked grains (wheat bread and wheat grains), meat, roots, fruit and seeds (1, 2). The meat came from three different animals-- chamois, red deer and ibex. The "wheat" was actually not what we would think of as modern wheat, but an ancestral variety called einkorn.Isotope analysis indicates that Otzi's habitual diet was primarily centered around plant foods, likely heavily dependent on grains but also incorporating a variety of other plants (3)....
Senin, 16 April 2012
Exercise and Food Intake
The New York Times just published an article reviewing some of the recent research on exercise, food intake and food reward, titled "Does Exercise Make You Overeat?". I was planning to write about this at some point, but I don't know when I'd be able to get around to it, and the NYT article is a fair treatment of the subject, so I'll just point you to the article.Basically, burning calories through exercise causes some people to eat more, but not everyone does, and a few people actually eat less. Alex Hutchinson discussed this point recently...
Minggu, 15 April 2012
Next Primal Chef Event Sunday 5/20
Gil Butler has been working on a television show called Primal Chef, where he invites local chefs to make creative dishes from a list of Paleo ingredients, in a designated amount of time. The format is reminiscent of Iron Chef. The food is judged afterward by figures in the Paleo community. Robb Wolf was a judge on the first episode.Gil has invited me to be a judge on the next show, along with Sara Fragoso and Dr. Tim Gerstmar. The next day, Sunday April 20th, Gil is organizing a catered Primal Chef event in Seattle, with...
Selasa, 10 April 2012
Lessons From Ötzi, the Tyrolean Ice Man. Part I
This is Otzi, or at least a reconstruction of what he might have looked like. 5,300 years ago, he laid down on a glacier near the border between modern-day Italy and Austria, under unpleasant circumstances. He was quickly frozen into the glacier. In 1991, his slumber was rudely interrupted by two German tourists, which eventually landed him in the South Tyrol Museum of Archaeology in Italy. Otzi is Europe's oldest natural human mummy, and as...
Senin, 09 April 2012
PELATIHAN & SERTIFIKASI HIGIENIS INDUSTRI MADYA
MenyelenggarakanPROGRAM PELATIHAN & SERTIFIKASI HIGIENIS INDUSTRI MADYA(HIMA) (Lembaga Sertifikasi Profesi Higiene Industri) Hotel Amaris/Santika Jogjakarta 25 – 29 Juni 2012 INFORMASI & REGISTRASI RORO, WIWIN, & PutriPhone (021) 70853660, 7095 2402, Fax (021) 59490097Mobille : 0815 997 8511; 0818 088 735 70Email : expert_apm@cbn.net.id Fasilitator : Prof. Dr.Tan Malaka, MOH, DrPH, SpOK, HIU & Team ...
Jumat, 06 April 2012
Global Meat Production, 1961-2009
Total global meat production per person has steadily increased from 0.13 lbs per day in 1961 to 0.29 lbs per day in 2009*, a 120 percent increase over the last half century (currently in the US, average meat consumption is about half a pound per day). Since meat consumption in the US and Europe has only increased modestly over time, this change mostly reflects greatly increased meat consumption over the last half century in developing countries**...
Senin, 02 April 2012
Eocene Diet Follow-up
Now that WHS readers around the globe have adopted the Eocene Diet and are losing weight at an alarming rate, it's time to explain the post a little more. First, credit where credit is due: Melissa McEwen made a similar argument in her 2011 AHS talk, where she rolled out the "Cambrian Explosion Diet", which beats the Eocene Diet by about 470 million years. It was probably in the back of my head somewhere when I came up with the idea.April Fools day is good for a laugh, but humor often has a grain of truth in it. In this case, the post was a...
Minggu, 01 April 2012
The Eocene Diet
65 million years ago, a massive asteroid slammed into the Yucatan peninsula, creating a giant dust cloud that contributed to the extinction of terrestrial dinosaurs. In the resulting re-adjustment of global ecosystems, a new plant tissue evolved, which paved the way for the eventual appearance of humans: fruit. Fruit represents a finely crafted symbiosis between plants and animals, in which the plant provides a nourishing morsel, and the animal disperses the plant's seeds inside a packet of rich fertilizer. Fruit was such a powerful selective...
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